怎么在Android应用中利用PopuWindow实现一个下拉列表功能

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基础依赖，由于下拉列表是用RecycleView实现，然后控件初始化用到ButterKnife，所以要在app的gradle中添加相关依赖：

 //RecycleView
  compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.2.0'
  //butterKnife
  compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.5.1'
  //这条千万不能忘记!!
  annotationProcessor 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.5.1'

第一步，不言而喻，肯定是上BasePopupWindow代码：

/***
 * PopupWindow基类
 * 
 * @author pei
 * @version 1.0
 * @cretae 2016-7-21
 * @注：若要popwindow点击外部消失，则设置 this.setFocusable(true)
 *   若要popwindow点击外部不消失，不做setFocusable设置，也不要设置成this.setFocusable(false)
 * 
 */
public abstract class BasePopupWindow extends PopupWindow {

  protected View mLayoutView;
  protected int mLayoutId;
  protected Context mContext;
  protected int mWidth;
  protected int mHeight;

  public BasePopupWindow(int width, int height, int layoutId, Context context) {
    this.mWidth = width;
    this.mHeight = height;
    this.mLayoutId = layoutId;
    this.mContext = context;
    mLayoutView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(mLayoutId, null);
    setWindow();
  }

  /** PopupWindow基本设置 **/
  protected void setWindow() {
    this.setContentView(mLayoutView);
    this.setWidth(mWidth);
    this.setHeight(mHeight);
    // this.setFocusable(true);// 可点击
    // 实例化一个ColorDrawable颜色为半透明(半透明遮罩颜色代码#66000000)
    ColorDrawable dw = new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT);
    this.setBackgroundDrawable(dw);
  }

  /** PopupWindow背景设置 **/
  protected void setBackground(int color) {
    // 实例化一个ColorDrawable颜色为半透明
    ColorDrawable dw = new ColorDrawable(color);
    this.setBackgroundDrawable(dw);
  }

  protected abstract void initView();
  protected abstract void initData();
  protected abstract void setListener();

  /** PopupWindow点击间隙处理，根据实际情况重写 **/
  protected void onTouchdimiss() {
    // mMenuView添加OnTouchListener监听判断获取触屏位置如果在选择框外面则销毁弹出框
    mLayoutView.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
      @Override
      public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent event) {
//        int height = mLayoutView.getTop();
//        int y = (int) event.getY();
//        if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
//          if (y < height) {
//            dismiss();
//          }
//        }
        return false;
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * 显示在控件正上方
   * 
   * @param view
   *      依赖的控件
   * @param marginDp
   *      设置的间距(直接写数字即可，已经做过dp2px转换)
   */
  public void showAtLocationTop(View view, float marginDp) {
    mLayoutView.measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    int popupWidth = mLayoutView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int popupHeight = mLayoutView.getMeasuredHeight();
    int[] location = new int[2];
    view.getLocationOnScreen(location);
    showAtLocation(view, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, (location[0] + view.getWidth() / 2) - popupWidth / 2, location[1] - popupHeight - dp2px(marginDp));
    update();
  }

  /**
   * 显示在控件正下方
   * 
   * @param view
   *      依赖的控件
   * @param marginDp
   *      设置的间距(直接写数字即可，已经做过dp2px转换)
   */
  public void showAtLocationGravityBottom(View view, float marginDp) {
    mLayoutView.measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    int popupWidth = mLayoutView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int popupHeight = mLayoutView.getMeasuredHeight();
    int[] location = new int[2];
    view.getLocationOnScreen(location);
    showAtLocation(view, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, (location[0]+view.getWidth()/2)-popupWidth/2,
        location[1]+view.getHeight()+dp2px(marginDp));
    update();
  }

  /**显示在控件下方
   *
   * @param view 依赖的控件
   * @param marginDp 设置的间距(直接写数字即可，已经做过dp2px转换)
   */
  public void showAtLocationBottom(View view, float marginDp){
    showAsDropDown(view, 0, dp2px(marginDp));
    update();
  }


  /**
   * 显示在控件左方
   * 
   * @param view
   *      依赖的控件
   * @param marginDp
   *      设置的间距(直接写数字即可，已经做过dp2px转换)
   */
  public void showAtLocationLeft(View view, float marginDp) {
    mLayoutView.measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    int popupWidth = mLayoutView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int popupHeight = mLayoutView.getMeasuredHeight();
    int[] location = new int[2];
    view.getLocationOnScreen(location);
    showAtLocation(view, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location[0] - popupWidth - dp2px(marginDp), (location[1] + view.getHeight() / 2) - popupHeight / 2);
    update();
  }

  /**
   * 显示在控件右方
   * 
   * @param view
   *      依赖的控件
   * @param marginDp
   *      设置的间距(直接写数字即可，已经做过dp2px转换)
   */
  public void showAtLocationRight(View view, float marginDp) {
    mLayoutView.measure(MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    int popupWidth = mLayoutView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int popupHeight = mLayoutView.getMeasuredHeight();
    int[] location = new int[2];
    view.getLocationOnScreen(location);
    showAtLocation(view, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location[0] + view.getWidth() + dp2px(marginDp), (location[1] + view.getHeight() / 2) - popupHeight / 2);
    update();
  }

  /** dp转px **/
  private int dp2px(float dpVal) {
    return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dpVal, mContext.getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
  }

  /** 通过id获得view **/
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  protected  T getView(int viewId) {
    View view = null;
    if (mLayoutView == null) {
      mLayoutView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(mLayoutId, null);
    }
    view = mLayoutView.findViewById(viewId);
    return (T) view;
  }

}

第二步，写一个OrderPop继承于BasePopupWindow：

/**
 * Instruction:下拉列表Pop
 * 
 * Author:pei
 * Date: 2017/6/28
 * Description:
 */


public class OrderPop extends BasePopupWindow{

  private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
  private ListmDatas;
  private ManagerPopuAdapter managerPopuAdapter;

  public OrderPop(Context context, Listdatas) {
    super(ScreenUtil.dp2px(100,context), ScreenUtil.dp2px(150,context), R.layout.pop_order, context);
    this.mDatas=datas;

    initView();
    initData();
    setListener();
  }

  @Override
  protected void initView() {
    mRecyclerView=getView(R.id.recycler_view);
  }

  @Override
  protected void initData() {
    setFocusable(true);
    setAnimationStyle(R.style.popuwindow_up_style);//popuwindow显示隐藏的动画

    mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
    mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(mContext));
    managerPopuAdapter = new ManagerPopuAdapter(mContext, mDatas);
    mRecyclerView.setAdapter(managerPopuAdapter);
  }

  @Override
  protected void setListener(){

  }

  public ManagerPopuAdapter getAdapter(){
    return managerPopuAdapter;
  }

  public void notifyDataSetChanged(){
    if(managerPopuAdapter!=null){
      managerPopuAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
  }

  public void setCurrentIndex(int position){
    if(managerPopuAdapter!=null){
      managerPopuAdapter.setIndex(position);
    }
  }
}

OrderPop类中涉及到的内容挺多，以下将细细讲解。

1.--- 声明中涉及到RecycleView的一个适配器ManagerPopuAdapter,其代码如下:

/**
 * Instruction: Orderpop的适配器
 * 
 * Author:pei
 * Date: 2017/6/29
 * Description:
 */


public class ManagerPopuAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

  protected Context mContext;
  protected View mLayoutView;
  protected List mData;
  private ViewHolder mViewHolder;
  protected OnRecyclerItemClickListener mOnRecyclerItemClickListener;

  private int mIndex;

  public void setOnRecyclerItemClickListener(OnRecyclerItemClickListener onRecyclerItemClickListener) {
    this.mOnRecyclerItemClickListener = onRecyclerItemClickListener;
  }

  public ManagerPopuAdapter(Context context, List data) {
    this.mContext = context;
    this.mData = data;
  }

  @Override
  public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    //注：不可使用view=LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item_layout，null);不然会报错
    mLayoutView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item_popu_order_layout, parent, false);
    return new ViewHolder(mLayoutView);
  }

  @Override
  public int getItemViewType(int position) {
    return super.getItemViewType(position);
  }

  @Override
  public int getItemCount() {
    return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
  }

  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
    mViewHolder = ((ViewHolder) holder);

    initData(position);
    setListener(position);
  }

  private void initData(int position) {
    String content =mData.get(position).toString();
    mViewHolder.tvContent.setText(content);

    if(mIndex==position){
      mViewHolder.tvContent.setSelected(true);
    }else{
      mViewHolder.tvContent.setSelected(false);
    }

  }

  private void setListener(final int position) {
    mViewHolder.tvContent.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        if (mOnRecyclerItemClickListener != null) {
          mOnRecyclerItemClickListener.onRecyclerClick(position);
        }
      }
    });
  }

  public void setIndex(int index){
    this.mIndex=index;
  }

  class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    TextView tvContent;

    public ViewHolder(View view) {
      super(view);
      tvContent=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
    }
  }

  public interface OnRecyclerItemClickListener {
    void onRecyclerClick(int position);
  }
}

2.--- ManagerPopuAdapter.java对应的layout----- item_popu_order_layout.xml代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

3.--- item_popu_order_layout.xml中android:background="@drawable/manager_fragment_popu_bg"对应的drawable文件为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

manager_fragment_popu_pressed和manager_fragment_popu_normal对应的其实都是纯颜色xml文件。

manager_fragment_popu_pressed.xml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

manager_fragment_popu_normal.xml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

也许有的同学会问android:background="@drawable/manager_fragment_popu_bg文件中为什恶魔不直接用color属性设置背景切换，而要用color写个drawable供调用，其实我一开始也是这样弄的，无奈报错，具体原因不详，知道的同学可以回复下，此处不做重点。

4.--- item_popu_order_layout.xml中android:textColor="@drawable/text_color_bg"对应的drawable文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

5.---讲讲OrderPop的构造函数

 public OrderPop(Context context, Listdatas) {
    super(ScreenUtil.dp2px(100,context), ScreenUtil.dp2px(150,context), R.layout.pop_order, context);
    this.mDatas=datas;

    initView();
    initData();
    setListener();
  }

这里我其实是图方便，所以直接传了个固定宽度 ScreenUtil.dp2px(100,context) 进去了，实际开发中因为是点击某个控件然后在控件下面显示出来，那么应该传那个控件的宽度。

6.---OrderPop的layout布局pop_order.xml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

其中，android:scrollbars="vertical"是设置滚动条方向，android:scrollbarThumbVertical="@color/blue"是设置滚动条颜色，android:scrollbarStyle="outsideOverlay"设置滚动条样式

7.---讲讲OrderPop的显隐动画问题

在OrderPop类中的initData()方法中涉及到这样一行代码：

复制代码代码如下:

setAnimationStyle(R.style.popuwindow_up_style);//popuwindow显示隐藏的动画

涉及到popuwindow的显隐动画问题，大家可以参考的前言中提到的popuwindow的基本使用文章，这里就不废话了。

第三步，OrderPop写好了，就该看看在MainActivity中是怎么调用的了，贴出MainActivity的代码：

/**
 * Created by Admin on 2017/5/19.
 */

public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener{

  @BindView(R.id.tv_order)
  TextView mTvOrder;

  private static final int DEFAULT_INDEX=0;
  private List mOrderList=new ArrayList<>();
  private OrderPop mOrderPop;

  @Override
  protected int getContentViewId() {
    return R.layout.activity_main;
  }

  @Override
  protected void initData() {
    initOrderTextBar();
  }

  /**订单列表**/
  private void initOrderTextBar(){
    mOrderList.add("野蛮人");
    mOrderList.add("圣骑士");
    mOrderList.add("亚马逊");
    mOrderList.add("死灵法师");
    mOrderList.add("法师");
    mOrderList.add("德鲁伊");
    mOrderList.add("刺客");
    mOrderPop=new OrderPop(mContext,mOrderList);
    setBarContent(mTvOrder,mOrderList,DEFAULT_INDEX);

    mOrderPop.setOnDismissListener(new PopupWindow.OnDismissListener() {
      @Override
      public void onDismiss(){
        mTvOrder.setSelected(false);
      }
    });
    //mOrderPop项点击事件
    mOrderPop.getAdapter().setOnRecyclerItemClickListener(new ManagerPopuAdapter.OnRecyclerItemClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onRecyclerClick(int position) {
        showShortToast(mOrderList.get(position));
        //更新mTvOrder显示内容
        setBarContent(mTvOrder,mOrderList,position);
        //更新mOrderPop视图选中背景
        mOrderPop.setCurrentIndex(position);
        mOrderPop.notifyDataSetChanged();
      }
    });
  }


  @Override
  protected void setListener() {
    mTvOrder.setOnClickListener(this);
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  protected BasePresenter getPresenter() {
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  protected void onDestroy(){
    super.onDestroy();
  }

  @Override
  public void onClick(View v) {
    switch (v.getId()) {
      case R.id.tv_order:
        if(mOrderPop!=null&&!mOrderPop.isShowing()){
          mTvOrder.setSelected(true);//控制mTvOrder变色
          mOrderPop.showAtLocationGravityBottom(mTvOrder,3);//显示mOrderPop
          //更新mOrderPop视图选中背景
          mOrderPop.setCurrentIndex(getIndexByTag(mTvOrder));
          mOrderPop.notifyDataSetChanged();
        }
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }

  private void setBarContent(TextView textView,Listdata,int position){
    textView.setTag(position);
    textView.setText(data.get(position).toString());
  }

  private int getIndexByTag(TextView textView){
    int index=DEFAULT_INDEX;
    Object obj=textView.getTag();
    if(obj!=null){
      try {
        index=Integer.valueOf(obj.toString());
      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    return index;
  }
}

MainActivity对应的布局activity_main.xml代码如下：

android:drawableRight="@drawable/manager_fragment_order_bg"中manager_fragment_order_bg.xml对应的代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

ic_drop_up和ic_drop_down对应的分别是一张箭头向上的图片和一张箭头向下的图片，这里就不多说了。

android:textColor="@drawable/text_color_bg"的话是设置文字选中和未被选中时显示的颜色，在上面的第二步第四条已经讲过了，这里就不说了。

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