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小编给大家分享一下如何把mysqld压测到崩溃重启,希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获,下面让我们一起去探讨吧!
创新互联的团队成员不追求数量、追求质量。我们经验丰富并且专业,我们之间合作时就好像一个人,协同一致毫无保留。成都创新互联珍视想法,同时也看重过程转化带来的冲击力和影响力,在我们眼中,任何细节都不容小觑。一直致力于为企业提供从空间域名、网站策划、网站设计、商城网站建设、网站推广、网站优化到为企业提供个性化软件开发等基于互联网的全面整合营销服务。一、压测环境工具准备:
centos7.5
sysbench2.0.9
mysql5.7.22
机器配置:宿主机是vmware esxi
DELL R730
硬盘:普通10K SAS
内存:18G
CPU:8核
非常普通的cpu:
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 log]# lscpu Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 8 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 1 Socket(s): 8 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 79 Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2640 v4 @ 2.40GHz Stepping: 1 CPU MHz: 2399.361 BogoMIPS: 4799.99 Hypervisor vendor: VMware Virtualization type: full L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 256K L3 cache: 25600K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap xsaveopt arat
编译安装好mysql,设置 innodb_buffer_pool_size=5G innodb_buffer_pool_instance=5. 其他参数更改redo 为4组,io thread 为8 等等一些参数。
二、开始准备压测数据库:
插入10张表,每个表数据1000万,整个msyql库25G。
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 ~]# ls /data/mysql3308/sbtest/ -lh total 25G -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 61 Jul 17 19:24 db.opt -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest10.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest10.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest1.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest1.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest2.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest2.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest3.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest3.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest4.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest4.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest5.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest5.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest6.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest6.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest7.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest7.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest8.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest8.ibd -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 8.5K Jul 17 19:32 sbtest9.frm -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 2.5G Jul 18 14:58 sbtest9.ibd
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 ~]# ls /data/mysql3308/ -lh total 1.4G -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 56 Jul 17 17:56 auto.cnf -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 1.5K Jul 18 14:17 ib_buffer_pool -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 384M Jul 18 15:13 ibdata1 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 256M Jul 18 15:13 ib_logfile0 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 256M Jul 18 14:50 ib_logfile1 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 256M Jul 18 15:13 ib_logfile2 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 256M Jul 18 14:49 ib_logfile3 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 12M Jul 18 15:21 ibtmp1 drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql 4.0K Jul 17 17:56 mysql srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Jul 18 14:42 mysql.sock -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 6 Jul 18 14:42 mysql.sock.lock drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql 8.0K Jul 17 17:56 performance_schema drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql 4.0K Jul 17 19:36 sbtest drwxr-x--- 2 mysql mysql 8.0K Jul 17 17:56 sys -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 6 Jul 18 14:42 yw-gz-hd-test-211.pid
三、开始压测:
首先300个线程,开始上。你会发现,立马报错:
FATAL: mysql_stmt_prepare() failed FATAL: MySQL error: 1461 "Can't create more than max_prepared_stmt_count statements (current value: 100000)"
百度一下,设置一下参数可以解决:max_prepared_stmt_count=150000
四、高潮出现:
错误排除,压测到线程300个,总共时长是240秒,等到压测到120秒的时候,mysql进程突然奔溃。错误日志中没有记录mysql奔溃的原因,只记录到mysql崩溃后,被mysqld_safe 进程监控,然后立即拉起mysqld 进程。mysqld_safe 进程会一直监控mysqld进程,发现死掉,立即拉起mysqld进程。我怀疑是内存不够。但是没有证据证明:是内存不够导致的mysqld进程奔溃。这个时候,我发现top命令还是很好用的。怎么用呢?让我娓娓道来。前面不是讲到了,压测刚开始的120秒,没有问题,你可以在这个压测0~120秒的时候,打开top,你观察mysqld线程使用内存情况。你观察RES这一列,你会发现,mysqld进程RES值,从500M一直增长,增长到5G的时候,duang~,崩溃了。看出来了吧,mysql也有承受不住的时候。
为了验证自己是猜想,很简单,不要更改任何参数,增加机器内存到18G。再一次压测,验证了我的想法,mysqld进程再300个并发线程中使用掉了6G内存。
来看下300个并发压测情况
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 ~]# sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --db-driver=mysql --mysql-host=localhost --mysql-socket=/data/mysql3308/mysql.sock --mysql-port=3308 --mysql-db=sbtest --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123456 --table_size=10000000 --tables=10 --threads=300 --time=240 --report-interval=30 run sysbench 1.0.9 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4) Running the test with following options: Number of threads: 300 Report intermediate results every 30 second(s) Initializing random number generator from current time Initializing worker threads... Threads started! [ 30s ] thds: 300 tps: 189.42 qps: 3911.05 (r/w/o: 2753.06/769.16/388.83) lat (ms,95%): 3151.62 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 60s ] thds: 300 tps: 406.65 qps: 8146.63 (r/w/o: 5702.77/1630.57/813.30) lat (ms,95%): 1903.57 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 90s ] thds: 300 tps: 1027.51 qps: 20561.94 (r/w/o: 14391.74/4115.19/2055.01) lat (ms,95%): 909.80 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 120s ] thds: 300 tps: 915.33 qps: 18308.17 (r/w/o: 12818.23/3659.27/1830.67) lat (ms,95%): 802.05 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 150s ] thds: 300 tps: 848.33 qps: 16954.26 (r/w/o: 11865.99/3391.60/1696.67) lat (ms,95%): 787.74 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 180s ] thds: 300 tps: 1015.47 qps: 20327.15 (r/w/o: 14231.78/4064.44/2030.93) lat (ms,95%): 682.06 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 210s ] thds: 300 tps: 1293.73 qps: 25882.66 (r/w/o: 18120.80/5174.40/2587.47) lat (ms,95%): 493.24 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 240s ] thds: 300 tps: 1705.07 qps: 33979.32 (r/w/o: 23772.88/6803.07/3403.37) lat (ms,95%): 419.45 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 SQL statistics: queries performed: read: 3110016 write: 888576 other: 444288 total: 4442880 transactions: 222144 (924.53 per sec.) queries: 4442880 (18490.54 per sec.) ignored errors: 0 (0.00 per sec.) reconnects: 0 (0.00 per sec.) General statistics: total time: 240.2250s total number of events: 222144 Latency (ms): min: 2.52 avg: 324.16 max: 50333.39 95th percentile: 1050.76 sum: 72010070.69 Threads fairness: events (avg/stddev): 740.4800/78.20 execution time (avg/stddev): 240.0336/0.06
成绩还不错,QPS:18490,TPS:924。95%的响应时间是1050ms,就是1秒,可以接受
来看看600并发连接线程情况
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 ~]# sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --db-driver=mysql --mysql-host=localhost --mysql-socket=/data/mysql3308/mysql.sock --mysql-port=3308 --mysql-db=sbtest --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123456 --table_size=10000000 --tables=10 --threads=600 --time=240 --report-interval=30 run sysbench 1.0.9 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4) Running the test with following options: Number of threads: 600 Report intermediate results every 30 second(s) Initializing random number generator from current time Initializing worker threads... Threads started! [ 30s ] thds: 600 tps: 177.45 qps: 3866.55 (r/w/o: 2740.46/751.20/374.88) lat (ms,95%): 6594.16 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 60s ] thds: 600 tps: 508.61 qps: 10190.12 (r/w/o: 7130.15/2042.76/1017.21) lat (ms,95%): 2828.87 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 90s ] thds: 600 tps: 833.10 qps: 16581.88 (r/w/o: 11603.42/3312.26/1666.20) lat (ms,95%): 1506.29 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 120s ] thds: 600 tps: 712.40 qps: 14275.18 (r/w/o: 9994.28/2856.20/1424.70) lat (ms,95%): 1589.90 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 150s ] thds: 600 tps: 828.53 qps: 16595.37 (r/w/o: 11637.94/3300.27/1657.17) lat (ms,95%): 1280.93 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 180s ] thds: 600 tps: 1152.15 qps: 23046.54 (r/w/o: 16115.87/4626.50/2304.17) lat (ms,95%): 1032.01 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 210s ] thds: 600 tps: 1422.39 qps: 28470.31 (r/w/o: 19918.05/5707.53/2844.74) lat (ms,95%): 707.07 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 240s ] thds: 600 tps: 1874.42 qps: 37511.54 (r/w/o: 26257.48/7505.04/3749.01) lat (ms,95%): 601.29 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 SQL statistics: queries performed: read: 3161774 write: 903364 other: 451682 total: 4516820 transactions: 225841 (939.46 per sec.) queries: 4516820 (18789.23 per sec.) ignored errors: 0 (0.00 per sec.) reconnects: 0 (0.00 per sec.) General statistics: total time: 240.3923s total number of events: 225841 Latency (ms): min: 2.75 avg: 637.78 max: 44200.42 95th percentile: 1678.14 sum: 144036928.60 Threads fairness: events (avg/stddev): 376.4017/48.51 execution time (avg/stddev): 240.0615/0.03
这个时候我们看到大量的慢查询语句,95%响应时间是1678ms,就是1.6秒,有些慢了。看看慢查询都是些什么语句:
# Time: 2018-07-18T14:22:07.662597+08:00 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 592 # Query_time: 7.400737 Lock_time: 0.000028 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 1 SET timestamp=1531894927; UPDATE sbtest5 SET k=k+1 WHERE id=5024619; # Time: 2018-07-18T14:22:07.662786+08:00 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 202 # Query_time: 4.220504 Lock_time: 0.000027 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 1 SET timestamp=1531894927; UPDATE sbtest5 SET k=k+1 WHERE id=5024572; # Time: 2018-07-18T14:22:07.662829+08:00 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 544 # Query_time: 3.662601 Lock_time: 0.000021 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 1 SET timestamp=1531894927; DELETE FROM sbtest5 WHERE id=5024577; # Time: 2018-07-18T14:22:07.662634+08:00 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 402 # Query_time: 4.832428 Lock_time: 0.000023 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 1 SET timestamp=1531894927; UPDATE sbtest5 SET c='53575816661-90198037463-61731021712-17992612508-02527517402-89815419518-53211578757-17129425245-97225103738-94879199437' WHERE id=5024586;
都是更新语句。这些语句非常耗费IO的
再来看看900个并发线程的情况。
[root@yw-gz-hd-test-211 ~]# sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --db-driver=mysql --mysql-host=localhost --mysql-socket=/data/mysql3308/mysql.sock --mysql-port=3308 --mysql-db=sbtest --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123456 --table_size=10000000 --tables=10 --threads=900 --time=240 --report-interval=30 run sysbench 1.0.9 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4) Running the test with following options: Number of threads: 900 Report intermediate results every 30 second(s) Initializing random number generator from current time Initializing worker threads... Threads started! [ 30s ] thds: 900 tps: 347.86 qps: 7432.37 (r/w/o: 5273.60/1433.11/725.65) lat (ms,95%): 5124.81 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 60s ] thds: 900 tps: 561.28 qps: 11176.43 (r/w/o: 7801.59/2252.28/1122.55) lat (ms,95%): 10158.80 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 90s ] thds: 900 tps: 643.33 qps: 12944.09 (r/w/o: 9077.29/2580.13/1286.67) lat (ms,95%): 2932.60 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 120s ] thds: 900 tps: 360.53 qps: 7200.07 (r/w/o: 5039.67/1439.33/721.07) lat (ms,95%): 6135.91 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 150s ] thds: 900 tps: 728.53 qps: 14524.71 (r/w/o: 10134.68/2933.03/1457.00) lat (ms,95%): 2585.31 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 180s ] thds: 900 tps: 1268.27 qps: 25410.63 (r/w/o: 17798.37/5075.80/2536.47) lat (ms,95%): 1561.52 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 210s ] thds: 900 tps: 1676.04 qps: 33561.08 (r/w/o: 23477.06/6731.82/3352.21) lat (ms,95%): 1869.60 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 [ 240s ] thds: 900 tps: 2290.01 qps: 45719.85 (r/w/o: 31996.75/9148.79/4574.31) lat (ms,95%): 1352.03 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00 SQL statistics: queries performed: read: 3318098 write: 948028 other: 474014 total: 4740140 transactions: 237007 (985.74 per sec.) queries: 4740140 (19714.74 per sec.) ignored errors: 0 (0.00 per sec.) reconnects: 0 (0.00 per sec.) General statistics: total time: 240.4346s total number of events: 237007 Latency (ms): min: 2.76 avg: 911.43 max: 31437.18 95th percentile: 2778.39 sum: 216015485.39 Threads fairness: events (avg/stddev): 263.3411/37.88 execution time (avg/stddev): 240.0172/0.02
看到了,95%响应时间是2.7秒,数据库mysql响应时间越来越慢,越来越不堪重负。崩溃就在一瞬间。如我所见,innodb_buffer_pool_size=18G时候,1000个并发线程导致mysqld崩溃了。终于承受不住。
我们来大概测算一下,100个并发需要多大的内存:
并发数 | innodb_buffer_pool_size | mysqld是否崩溃 |
200 | 5G | 否 |
300 | 5G | 崩溃 |
600 | 18G | 否 |
900 | 18G | 否 |
1000 | 18G | 崩溃 |
看来100并发线程,mysqld至少需要2G内存,另外考虑留给操作系统占用2G内存。所以一个4核8G机器,线程数不要设置超过250个。这个既是保护数据库不崩溃,保证响应时间在合理范围之内(1秒),又是,当连接达到上限的时候,程序有报错,提示DBA需要增加机器的内存。
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