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/* Sample code for /dev/kvm API * * Copyright (c) 2015 Intel Corporation * Author: Josh Triplett* * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS * IN THE SOFTWARE. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include int main(void) { int kvm, vmfd, vcpufd, ret; const uint8_t code[] = { 0xba, 0xf8, 0x03, /* mov $0x3f8, %dx */ 0x00, 0xd8, /* add %bl, %al */ 0x04, '0', /* add $'0', %al */ 0xee, /* out %al, (%dx) */ 0xb0, '\n', /* mov $'\n', %al */ 0xee, /* out %al, (%dx) */ 0xf4, /* hlt */ }; uint8_t *mem; struct kvm_sregs sregs; size_t mmap_size; struct kvm_run *run; kvm = open("/dev/kvm", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC); if (kvm == -1) err(1, "/dev/kvm"); /* Make sure we have the stable version of the API */ ret = ioctl(kvm, KVM_GET_API_VERSION, NULL); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_GET_API_VERSION"); if (ret != 12) errx(1, "KVM_GET_API_VERSION %d, expected 12", ret); vmfd = ioctl(kvm, KVM_CREATE_VM, (unsigned long)0); if (vmfd == -1) err(1, "KVM_CREATE_VM"); /* Allocate one aligned page of guest memory to hold the code. */ mem = mmap(NULL, 0x1000, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); if (!mem) err(1, "allocating guest memory"); memcpy(mem, code, sizeof(code)); /* Map it to the second page frame (to avoid the real-mode IDT at 0). */ struct kvm_userspace_memory_region region = { .slot = 0, .guest_phys_addr = 0x1000, .memory_size = 0x1000, .userspace_addr = (uint64_t)mem, }; ret = ioctl(vmfd, KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION, ®ion); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION"); vcpufd = ioctl(vmfd, KVM_CREATE_VCPU, (unsigned long)0); if (vcpufd == -1) err(1, "KVM_CREATE_VCPU"); /* Map the shared kvm_run structure and following data. */ ret = ioctl(kvm, KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE, NULL); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE"); mmap_size = ret; if (mmap_size < sizeof(*run)) errx(1, "KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE unexpectedly small"); run = mmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, vcpufd, 0); if (!run) err(1, "mmap vcpu"); /* Initialize CS to point at 0, via a read-modify-write of sregs. */ ret = ioctl(vcpufd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &sregs); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_GET_SREGS"); sregs.cs.base = 0; sregs.cs.selector = 0; ret = ioctl(vcpufd, KVM_SET_SREGS, &sregs); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_SET_SREGS"); /* Initialize registers: instruction pointer for our code, addends, and * initial flags required by x86 architecture. */ struct kvm_regs regs = { .rip = 0x1000, .rax = 2, .rbx = 2, .rflags = 0x2, }; ret = ioctl(vcpufd, KVM_SET_REGS, ®s); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_SET_REGS"); /* Repeatedly run code and handle VM exits. */ while (1) { ret = ioctl(vcpufd, KVM_RUN, NULL); if (ret == -1) err(1, "KVM_RUN"); switch (run->exit_reason) { case KVM_EXIT_HLT: puts("KVM_EXIT_HLT"); return 0; case KVM_EXIT_IO: if (run->io.direction == KVM_EXIT_IO_OUT && run->io.size == 1 && run->io.port == 0x3f8 && run->io.count == 1) putchar(*(((char *)run) + run->io.data_offset)); else errx(1, "unhandled KVM_EXIT_IO"); break; case KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY: errx(1, "KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY: hardware_entry_failure_reason = 0x%llx", (unsigned long long)run->fail_entry.hardware_entry_failure_reason); case KVM_EXIT_INTERNAL_ERROR: errx(1, "KVM_EXIT_INTERNAL_ERROR: suberror = 0x%x", run->internal.suberror); default: errx(1, "exit_reason = 0x%x", run->exit_reason); } } }
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