PostgreSQL源码解读（15）-Insert语句(执行过程跟踪)

本文简单介绍了PG INSERT语句的执行全过程,包括使用gdb跟踪调试的全过程,重点的数据结构等。

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一、调用栈

INSERT语句的函数调用栈:

(gdb) bt
#0  PageAddItemExtended (page=0x7feaaefac300 "\001", item=0x29859f8 "2\234\030", size=61, offsetNumber=0, flags=2) at bufpage.c:196
#1  0x00000000004cf4f9 in RelationPutHeapTuple (relation=0x7feac6e2ccb8, buffer=141, tuple=0x29859e0, token=false) at hio.c:53
#2  0x00000000004c34ec in heap_insert (relation=0x7feac6e2ccb8, tup=0x29859e0, cid=0, options=0, bistate=0x0) at heapam.c:2487
#3  0x00000000006c076b in ExecInsert (mtstate=0x2984c10, slot=0x2985250, planSlot=0x2985250, estate=0x29848c0, canSetTag=true) at nodeModifyTable.c:529
#4  0x00000000006c29f3 in ExecModifyTable (pstate=0x2984c10) at nodeModifyTable.c:2126
#5  0x000000000069a7d8 in ExecProcNodeFirst (node=0x2984c10) at execProcnode.c:445
#6  0x0000000000690994 in ExecProcNode (node=0x2984c10) at ../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:237
#7  0x0000000000692e5e in ExecutePlan (estate=0x29848c0, planstate=0x2984c10, use_parallel_mode=false, operation=CMD_INSERT, sendTuples=false, numberTuples=0, direction=ForwardScanDirection, 
    dest=0x2990dc8, execute_once=true) at execMain.c:1726
#8  0x0000000000690e58 in standard_ExecutorRun (queryDesc=0x2981020, direction=ForwardScanDirection, count=0, execute_once=true) at execMain.c:363
#9  0x0000000000690cef in ExecutorRun (queryDesc=0x2981020, direction=ForwardScanDirection, count=0, execute_once=true) at execMain.c:306
#10 0x0000000000851d84 in ProcessQuery (plan=0x2990c68, sourceText=0x28c5ef0 "insert into t_insert values(9,'11','12','13');", params=0x0, queryEnv=0x0, dest=0x2990dc8, completionTag=0x7ffdbc052d10 "")
    at pquery.c:161
#11 0x00000000008534f4 in PortalRunMulti (portal=0x292b490, isTopLevel=true, setHoldSnapshot=false, dest=0x2990dc8, altdest=0x2990dc8, completionTag=0x7ffdbc052d10 "") at pquery.c:1286
#12 0x0000000000852b32 in PortalRun (portal=0x292b490, count=9223372036854775807, isTopLevel=true, run_once=true, dest=0x2990dc8, altdest=0x2990dc8, completionTag=0x7ffdbc052d10 "") at pquery.c:799
#13 0x000000000084cebc in exec_simple_query (query_string=0x28c5ef0 "insert into t_insert values(9,'11','12','13');") at postgres.c:1122
#14 0x0000000000850f3c in PostgresMain (argc=1, argv=0x28efaa8, dbname=0x28ef990 "testdb", username=0x28ef978 "xdb") at postgres.c:4153
#15 0x00000000007c0168 in BackendRun (port=0x28e7970) at postmaster.c:4361
#16 0x00000000007bf8fc in BackendStartup (port=0x28e7970) at postmaster.c:4033
#17 0x00000000007bc139 in ServerLoop () at postmaster.c:1706
#18 0x00000000007bb9f9 in PostmasterMain (argc=1, argv=0x28c0b60) at postmaster.c:1379
#19 0x00000000006f19e8 in main (argc=1, argv=0x28c0b60) at main.c:228

二、跟踪分析

插入测试数据：

testdb=# -- 获取pid
testdb=# select pg_backend_pid();
 pg_backend_pid 
----------------
           1610
(1 row)
testdb=# -- 插入1行
testdb=# insert into t_insert values(25,'insert','insert','insert');
(挂起)

启动gdb，跟踪调试：

[root@localhost ~]# gdb -p 3294
GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.6.1-100.el7
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
...
#设置断点
(gdb) b PostgresMain 
Breakpoint 1 at 0x8507bb: file postgres.c, line 3631.
(gdb) b exec_simple_query 
Breakpoint 2 at 0x84cad8: file postgres.c, line 893.
(gdb) b PortalRunMulti 
Breakpoint 3 at 0x8533df: file pquery.c, line 1210.
…
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 2, exec_simple_query (
    query_string=0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(25,'insert','insert','insert');") at postgres.c:893
893     CommandDest dest = whereToSendOutput;
#PostmasterMain 的调试需要使用fork process的方式进行,不是重点,暂时不作介绍
#进入exec_simple_query
#输入参数:query_string=0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(25,'insert','insert','insert');"
#生成解析列表,解析列表parsetree_list中的元素类型为RawStmt
#INSERT语句,RawStmt的NodeType=T_InsertStmt
(gdb) 
944     parsetree_list = pg_parse_query(query_string);
(gdb) p *parsetree_list
$11 = {type = T_List, length = 1, head = 0x219dce0, tail = 0x219dce0}
(gdb) p *(RawStmt *)(parsetree_list->head->data.ptr_value)
$12 = {type = T_RawStmt, stmt = 0x219dc60, stmt_location = 0, stmt_len = 58}
(gdb) p *((RawStmt *)(parsetree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->stmt
$13 = {type = T_InsertStmt}
#生成查询列表querytree_list,其中的元素为Query
(gdb) 
1047            querytree_list = pg_analyze_and_rewrite(parsetree, query_string,
(gdb) p *(Query *)(querytree_list->head->data.ptr_value)
$14 = {type = T_Query, commandType = CMD_INSERT, querySource = QSRC_ORIGINAL, queryId = 0, canSetTag = true, 
  utilityStmt = 0x0, resultRelation = 1, hasAggs = false, hasWindowFuncs = false, hasTargetSRFs = false, 
  hasSubLinks = false, hasDistinctOn = false, hasRecursive = false, hasModifyingCTE = false, 
  hasForUpdate = false, hasRowSecurity = false, cteList = 0x0, rtable = 0x219e260, jointree = 0x21c2a50, 
  targetList = 0x21c2ad0, override = OVERRIDING_NOT_SET, onConflict = 0x0, returningList = 0x0, 
  groupClause = 0x0, groupingSets = 0x0, havingQual = 0x0, windowClause = 0x0, distinctClause = 0x0, 
  sortClause = 0x0, limitOffset = 0x0, limitCount = 0x0, rowMarks = 0x0, setOperations = 0x0, 
  constraintDeps = 0x0, withCheckOptions = 0x0, stmt_location = 0, stmt_len = 58}
(gdb) p *querytree_list
$15 = {type = T_List, length = 1, head = 0x21c2b80, tail = 0x21c2b80}
#查看Query中的元素
#rtable,List中的实际类型为RangeTblEntry,可以理解为实际的数据表
(gdb) p *((Query *)(querytree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->rtable
$16 = {type = T_List, length = 1, head = 0x219e240, tail = 0x219e240}
(gdb) p *(RangeTblEntry *)((Query *)(querytree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->rtable->head->data.ptr_value
$17 = {type = T_RangeTblEntry, rtekind = RTE_RELATION, relid = 26731, relkind = 114 'r', tablesample = 0x0, 
  subquery = 0x0, security_barrier = false, jointype = JOIN_INNER, joinaliasvars = 0x0, functions = 0x0, 
  funcordinality = false, tablefunc = 0x0, values_lists = 0x0, ctename = 0x0, ctelevelsup = 0, 
  self_reference = false, coltypes = 0x0, coltypmods = 0x0, colcollations = 0x0, enrname = 0x0, 
  enrtuples = 0, alias = 0x0, eref = 0x219e060, lateral = false, inh = false, inFromCl = false, 
  requiredPerms = 1, checkAsUser = 0, selectedCols = 0x0, insertedCols = 0x21c28e8, updatedCols = 0x0, 
  securityQuals = 0x0}
#jointree为NULL
(gdb)  p *((Query *)(querytree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->jointree
$18 = {type = T_FromExpr, fromlist = 0x0, quals = 0x0}
#targetList是输出的目标Entry(数据列)
(gdb) p *(TargetEntry *)((Query *)(querytree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->targetList->head->data.ptr_value
$20 = {xpr = {type = T_TargetEntry}, expr = 0x219e590, resno = 1, resname = 0x219e2e0 "id", 
  ressortgroupref = 0, resorigtbl = 0, resorigcol = 0, resjunk = false}
(gdb) n
1054            if (snapshot_set)
#生成PlannedStmt列表
(gdb) p *plantree_list
$21 = {type = T_List, length = 1, head = 0x225e488, tail = 0x225e488}
(gdb)  p *(PlannedStmt *)(plantree_list->head->data.ptr_value)
$22 = {type = T_PlannedStmt, commandType = CMD_INSERT, queryId = 0, hasReturning = false, 
  hasModifyingCTE = false, canSetTag = true, transientPlan = false, dependsOnRole = false, 
  parallelModeNeeded = false, jitFlags = 0, planTree = 0x225dfe8, rtable = 0x225e2a8, 
  resultRelations = 0x225e348, nonleafResultRelations = 0x0, rootResultRelations = 0x0, subplans = 0x0, 
  rewindPlanIDs = 0x0, rowMarks = 0x0, relationOids = 0x225e2f8, invalItems = 0x0, 
  paramExecTypes = 0x21c4320, utilityStmt = 0x0, stmt_location = 0, stmt_len = 58}
#查看planTree(执行计划树)
(gdb)  p *((PlannedStmt *)(plantree_list->head->data.ptr_value))->planTree
$23 = {type = T_ModifyTable, startup_cost = 0, total_cost = 0.01, plan_rows = 1, plan_width = 298, 
  parallel_aware = false, parallel_safe = false, plan_node_id = 0, targetlist = 0x0, qual = 0x0, 
  lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, extParam = 0x0, allParam = 0x0}
...
#继续执行,进入PortalRunMulti
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 3, PortalRunMulti (portal=0x2202490, isTopLevel=true, setHoldSnapshot=false, dest=0x225e4d8, 
    altdest=0x225e4d8, completionTag=0x7ffd6452f100 "") at pquery.c:1210
1210        bool        active_snapshot_set = false;
#portal参数,其中stmts是已生成的PlannedStmt
(gdb) p *portal
$25 = {name = 0x2205e98 "", prepStmtName = 0x0, portalContext = 0x2252460, resowner = 0x21cdd10, 
  cleanup = 0x62f15c , createSubid = 1, activeSubid = 1, 
  sourceText = 0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(25,'insert','insert','insert');", 
  commandTag = 0xb50908 "INSERT", stmts = 0x225e4a8, cplan = 0x0, portalParams = 0x0, queryEnv = 0x0, 
  strategy = PORTAL_MULTI_QUERY, cursorOptions = 4, run_once = true, status = PORTAL_ACTIVE, 
  portalPinned = false, autoHeld = false, queryDesc = 0x0, tupDesc = 0x0, formats = 0x0, holdStore = 0x0, 
  holdContext = 0x0, holdSnapshot = 0x0, atStart = true, atEnd = true, portalPos = 0, 
  creation_time = 587211499048183, visible = false}
(gdb) p *(portal->stmts)
$26 = {type = T_List, length = 1, head = 0x225e488, tail = 0x225e488}
(gdb) p *(PlannedStmt *)(portal->stmts->head.data->ptr_value)
$27 = {type = T_PlannedStmt, commandType = CMD_INSERT, queryId = 0, hasReturning = false, 
  hasModifyingCTE = false, canSetTag = true, transientPlan = false, dependsOnRole = false, 
  parallelModeNeeded = false, jitFlags = 0, planTree = 0x225dfe8, rtable = 0x225e2a8, 
  resultRelations = 0x225e348, nonleafResultRelations = 0x0, rootResultRelations = 0x0, subplans = 0x0, 
  rewindPlanIDs = 0x0, rowMarks = 0x0, relationOids = 0x225e2f8, invalItems = 0x0, 
  paramExecTypes = 0x21c4320, utilityStmt = 0x0, stmt_location = 0, stmt_len = 58}
#进入ProcessQuery
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 4, ProcessQuery (plan=0x225e378, 
    sourceText=0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(26,'insert','insert','insert');", params=0x0, 
    queryEnv=0x0, dest=0x225e4d8, completionTag=0x7ffd6452f100 "") at pquery.c:149
149     queryDesc = CreateQueryDesc(plan, sourceText,
#输入参数,plan=PlannedStmt变量
(gdb) p *plan
$29 = {type = T_PlannedStmt, commandType = CMD_INSERT, queryId = 0, hasReturning = false, 
  hasModifyingCTE = false, canSetTag = true, transientPlan = false, dependsOnRole = false, 
  parallelModeNeeded = false, jitFlags = 0, planTree = 0x225dfe8, rtable = 0x225e2a8, 
  resultRelations = 0x225e348, nonleafResultRelations = 0x0, rootResultRelations = 0x0, subplans = 0x0, 
  rewindPlanIDs = 0x0, rowMarks = 0x0, relationOids = 0x225e2f8, invalItems = 0x0, 
  paramExecTypes = 0x21c4320, utilityStmt = 0x0, stmt_location = 0, stmt_len = 58}
#QueryDesc查询描述符结构体,plannedstmt为先前生成的PlannedStmt
(gdb) p *queryDesc
$30 = {operation = CMD_INSERT, plannedstmt = 0x225e378, 
  sourceText = 0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(26,'insert','insert','insert');", 
  snapshot = 0x21c0920, crosscheck_snapshot = 0x0, dest = 0x225e4d8, params = 0x0, queryEnv = 0x0, 
  instrument_options = 0, tupDesc = 0x0, estate = 0x0, planstate = 0x0, already_executed = false, 
  totaltime = 0x0}
#进入standard_ExecutorRun,queryDesc为查询描述符
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 5, standard_ExecutorRun (queryDesc=0x2252570, direction=ForwardScanDirection, count=0, 
    execute_once=true) at execMain.c:322
322     estate = queryDesc->estate;
#ProcessQuery函数构建了PlanState/EState(ExecutorState)/tupDesc,为Execute作准备
(gdb) p *queryDesc
$31 = {operation = CMD_INSERT, plannedstmt = 0x225e378, 
  sourceText = 0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(26,'insert','insert','insert');", 
  snapshot = 0x21c0920, crosscheck_snapshot = 0x0, dest = 0x225e4d8, params = 0x0, queryEnv = 0x0, 
  instrument_options = 0, tupDesc = 0x2254d50, estate = 0x2253c80, planstate = 0x2253fd0, 
  already_executed = false, totaltime = 0x0}
(gdb) p *(queryDesc->estate)
$32 = {type = T_EState, es_direction = ForwardScanDirection, es_snapshot = 0x21c0920, 
  es_crosscheck_snapshot = 0x0, es_range_table = 0x225e2a8, es_plannedstmt = 0x225e378, 
  es_sourceText = 0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(26,'insert','insert','insert');", 
  es_junkFilter = 0x0, es_output_cid = 0, es_result_relations = 0x2253ec0, es_num_result_relations = 1, 
  es_result_relation_info = 0x0, es_root_result_relations = 0x0, es_num_root_result_relations = 0, 
  es_tuple_routing_result_relations = 0x0, es_trig_target_relations = 0x0, es_trig_tuple_slot = 0x2254e30, 
  es_trig_oldtup_slot = 0x0, es_trig_newtup_slot = 0x0, es_param_list_info = 0x0, 
  es_param_exec_vals = 0x2253e90, es_queryEnv = 0x0, es_query_cxt = 0x2253b70, es_tupleTable = 0x2254880, 
  es_rowMarks = 0x0, es_processed = 0, es_lastoid = 0, es_top_eflags = 0, es_instrument = 0, 
  es_finished = false, es_exprcontexts = 0x2254230, es_subplanstates = 0x0, es_auxmodifytables = 0x0, 
  es_per_tuple_exprcontext = 0x0, es_epqTuple = 0x0, es_epqTupleSet = 0x0, es_epqScanDone = 0x0, 
  es_use_parallel_mode = false, es_query_dsa = 0x0, es_jit_flags = 0, es_jit = 0x0}
(gdb) p *(queryDesc->planstate)
$33 = {type = T_ModifyTableState, plan = 0x225dfe8, state = 0x2253c80, 
  ExecProcNode = 0x69a78b , ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c2485 , 
  instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, 
  subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254d80, ps_ExprContext = 0x0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x0, 
  scandesc = 0x0}
(gdb) p *(queryDesc->tupDesc)
$34 = {natts = 0, tdtypeid = 2249, tdtypmod = -1, tdhasoid = false, tdrefcount = -1, constr = 0x0, 
  attrs = 0x2254d70}
#进入ExecutePlan
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 6, ExecutePlan (estate=0x2253c80, planstate=0x2253fd0, use_parallel_mode=false, 
    operation=CMD_INSERT, sendTuples=false, numberTuples=0, direction=ForwardScanDirection, dest=0x225e4d8, 
    execute_once=true) at execMain.c:1697
1697        current_tuple_count = 0;
#输入参数,EState/PlanState,准备执行SQL
(gdb) p *estate
$35 = {type = T_EState, es_direction = ForwardScanDirection, es_snapshot = 0x21c0920, 
  es_crosscheck_snapshot = 0x0, es_range_table = 0x225e2a8, es_plannedstmt = 0x225e378, 
  es_sourceText = 0x219cef0 "insert into t_insert values(26,'insert','insert','insert');", 
  es_junkFilter = 0x0, es_output_cid = 0, es_result_relations = 0x2253ec0, es_num_result_relations = 1, 
  es_result_relation_info = 0x0, es_root_result_relations = 0x0, es_num_root_result_relations = 0, 
  es_tuple_routing_result_relations = 0x0, es_trig_target_relations = 0x0, es_trig_tuple_slot = 0x2254e30, 
  es_trig_oldtup_slot = 0x0, es_trig_newtup_slot = 0x0, es_param_list_info = 0x0, 
  es_param_exec_vals = 0x2253e90, es_queryEnv = 0x0, es_query_cxt = 0x2253b70, es_tupleTable = 0x2254880, 
  es_rowMarks = 0x0, es_processed = 0, es_lastoid = 0, es_top_eflags = 0, es_instrument = 0, 
  es_finished = false, es_exprcontexts = 0x2254230, es_subplanstates = 0x0, es_auxmodifytables = 0x0, 
  es_per_tuple_exprcontext = 0x0, es_epqTuple = 0x0, es_epqTupleSet = 0x0, es_epqScanDone = 0x0, 
  es_use_parallel_mode = false, es_query_dsa = 0x0, es_jit_flags = 0, es_jit = 0x0}
(gdb) p *planstate
$36 = {type = T_ModifyTableState, plan = 0x225dfe8, state = 0x2253c80, 
  ExecProcNode = 0x69a78b , ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c2485 , 
  instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, 
  subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254d80, ps_ExprContext = 0x0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x0, 
  scandesc = 0x0}
#在ExecutePlan函数中执行ExecProcNode,直至ExecProcNode函数返回的TupleTableSlot为空才退出循环
1726            slot = ExecProcNode(planstate);
(gdb) 
#进入ExecProcNode
#执行PlanState的ExecProcNode函数,即ExecProcNodeFirst
Breakpoint 7, ExecProcNode (node=0x2253fd0) at ../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:234
234     if (node->chgParam != NULL) /* something changed? */
(gdb) 
237     return node->ExecProcNode(node);
(gdb) 

#进入ExecProcNodeFirst
Breakpoint 8, ExecProcNodeFirst (node=0x2253fd0) at execProcnode.c:433
433     check_stack_depth();
#执行node的ExecProcNode函数,即ExecModifyTable(注:PlanState中的ExecProcNodeReal)
(gdb) p *node
$37 = {type = T_ModifyTableState, plan = 0x225dfe8, state = 0x2253c80, 
  ExecProcNode = 0x6c2485 , ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c2485 , 
  instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, 
  subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254d80, ps_ExprContext = 0x0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x0, 
  scandesc = 0x0}
...
#在for循环中执行subplanstate的ExecProcNode,同样的,如果返回的Slot为NULL则退出
(gdb) p subplanstate
$38 = (PlanState *) 0x22543a0
(gdb) p *subplanstate #node->mt_plans[node->mt_whichplan];//执行计划的State
$39 = {type = T_ResultState, plan = 0x21c44e0, state = 0x2253c80, 
  ExecProcNode = 0x69a78b , ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c5094 , instrument = 0x0, 
  worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, subPlan = 0x0, 
  chgParam = 0x0, ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254750, ps_ExprContext = 0x22544b0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x22548b0, 
  scandesc = 0x0}
(gdb) p *node
$40 = {ps = {type = T_ModifyTableState, plan = 0x225dfe8, state = 0x2253c80, 
    ExecProcNode = 0x6c2485 , ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c2485 , 
    instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, 
    subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254d80, ps_ExprContext = 0x0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x0, 
    scandesc = 0x0}, operation = CMD_INSERT, canSetTag = true, mt_done = false, mt_plans = 0x22541e0, 
  mt_nplans = 1, mt_whichplan = 0, resultRelInfo = 0x2253ec0, rootResultRelInfo = 0x0, 
  mt_arowmarks = 0x22541f8, mt_epqstate = {estate = 0x0, planstate = 0x0, origslot = 0x0, plan = 0x21c44e0, 
    arowMarks = 0x0, epqParam = 0}, fireBSTriggers = false, mt_existing = 0x0, mt_excludedtlist = 0x0, 
  mt_conflproj = 0x0, mt_partition_tuple_routing = 0x0, mt_transition_capture = 0x0, 
  mt_oc_transition_capture = 0x0, mt_per_subplan_tupconv_maps = 0x0}
(gdb) n
1974        saved_resultRelInfo = estate->es_result_relation_info;
(gdb) 
1976        estate->es_result_relation_info = resultRelInfo;
(gdb) 
1990            ResetPerTupleExprContext(estate);
(gdb) 
1992            planSlot = ExecProcNode(subplanstate);
(gdb) 

Breakpoint 7, ExecProcNode (node=0x22543a0) at ../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:234
234     if (node->chgParam != NULL) /* something changed? */
(gdb) 
237     return node->ExecProcNode(node);
(gdb) 
#再次进入ExecProcNodeFirst,Node变为T_ResultState
Breakpoint 8, ExecProcNodeFirst (node=0x22543a0) at execProcnode.c:433
433     check_stack_depth();
(gdb) 
440     if (node->instrument)
(gdb) 
443         node->ExecProcNode = node->ExecProcNodeReal;
(gdb) 
445     return node->ExecProcNode(node);
(gdb) p *node
$41 = {type = T_ResultState, plan = 0x21c44e0, state = 0x2253c80, ExecProcNode = 0x6c5094 , 
  ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c5094 , instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, 
  lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, 
  ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254750, ps_ExprContext = 0x22544b0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x22548b0, scandesc = 0x0}
(gdb) 
#进入ExecInsert
2126                    slot = ExecInsert(node, slot, planSlot,
(gdb) 

Breakpoint 10, ExecInsert (mtstate=0x2253fd0, slot=0x2254750, planSlot=0x2254750, estate=0x2253c80, 
    canSetTag=true) at nodeModifyTable.c:273
273     List       *recheckIndexes = NIL;
#调用heap_insert等函数插入数据
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 11, heap_insert (relation=0x7f1a5655b378, tup=0x2254ee0, cid=0, options=0, bistate=0x0)
    at heapam.c:2444
2444        TransactionId xid = GetCurrentTransactionId();
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 12, RelationPutHeapTuple (relation=0x7f1a5655b378, buffer=95, tuple=0x2254ee0, token=false)
    at hio.c:51
51      pageHeader = BufferGetPage(buffer);
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 13, PageAddItemExtended (page=0x7f1a3e6a3300 "\001", item=0x2254ef8 "g\234\030", size=49, 
    offsetNumber=0, flags=2) at bufpage.c:196
196     PageHeader  phdr = (PageHeader) page;
(gdb) finish
Run till exit from #0  PageAddItemExtended (page=0x7f1a3e6a3300 "\001", item=0x2254ef8 "g\234\030", size=49, 
    offsetNumber=0, flags=2) at bufpage.c:196
0x00000000004cf4f9 in RelationPutHeapTuple (relation=0x7f1a5655b378, buffer=95, tuple=0x2254ee0, token=false)
    at hio.c:53
53      offnum = PageAddItem(pageHeader, (Item) tuple->t_data,
Value returned is $42 = 41
...
#再次执行ExecProcNode(实质为ExecResult),返回NULL,退出循环,结束
(gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 7, ExecProcNode (node=0x22543a0) at ../../../src/include/executor/executor.h:234
234     if (node->chgParam != NULL) /* something changed? */
(gdb) p *node
$48 = {type = T_ResultState, plan = 0x21c44e0, state = 0x2253c80, ExecProcNode = 0x6c5094 , 
  ExecProcNodeReal = 0x6c5094 , instrument = 0x0, worker_instrument = 0x0, qual = 0x0, 
  lefttree = 0x0, righttree = 0x0, initPlan = 0x0, subPlan = 0x0, chgParam = 0x0, 
  ps_ResultTupleSlot = 0x2254750, ps_ExprContext = 0x22544b0, ps_ProjInfo = 0x22548b0, scandesc = 0x0}
(gdb) c
Continuing.

三、小结

1.执行过程:使用gdb跟踪INSERT语句执行的全过程;
2.数据结构:如PlannedStmt/PlanState/EState等
3."多态":ExecProcNode函数