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这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Java中JDBC操作数据库增删改查,分页查询的示例分析,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。
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对数据库的操作无非就是增删改查,其中数查询操作最为复杂,所以将查询单独讲解,我这里用的MySQL数据库
1.查询结果以list返回
2.查询结果以jsonArray返回
3.查询总记录条数
先看一下相关的配置信息
public static final String USER_NAME = "root"; public static final String PWD = "123456789"; public static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"; public static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/web_demon"; /** 分页查询默认每页记录条数 */ public static final int PAGE_SIZE_DEFAULT = 10;
获取数据库连接对象
/** * 获取数据库连接 * @return 数据库连接对象 */ public Connection getConnection(Connection conn) { if(conn == null){ try { Class.forName(Config.DRIVER); conn = DriverManager.getConnection(Config.URL, Config.USER_NAME, Config.PWD); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return conn; }
封装增删改操作
/** * 新增,删除,插入操作 * @param sql 执行的sql语句 * 例如:新增语句 "insert into user (name,sex) values (?,?)"; * 删除语句 "delete from user where id=?"; * 修改语句 "update user set name=?,sex=? where id=? and sex=?"; * @param values 对应的参数值 * @return 影响条数,-1为异常 */ private int execute(String sql,Object... values){ Connection conn = null; PreparedStatement pStmt = null; try { conn = this.getConnection(conn); pStmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //设置参数 if(pStmt != null && values != null && values.length > 0){ for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { pStmt.setObject(i+1, values[i]); } } int i =pStmt.executeUpdate(); return i; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (conn != null) { this.closeConnection(conn); } } return -1; }
调用方法
//新增 public static void insert(){ String sql = "insert into user (name,sex) values (?,?)"; Object[] values = new Object[]{"李四",0}; int res = baseImp.execute(sql, values); System.out.println("insert res="+res); } //删除 public static void delete(){ String sql = "delete from user where id=?"; Object[] values = new Object[]{2}; int res = baseImp.execute(sql, values); System.out.println("delete res="+res); } //更新 public static void update(){ String sql = "update user set name=?,sex=? where id=? and sex=?"; Object[] values = new Object[]{"张三",1,1,0}; int res = baseImp.execute(sql, values); System.out.println("update res="+res); }
/** * 查询结果以list返回 * @param pageIndex 页数 * @param pageSize 每页记录条数 * @param attachTableName 在结果集中是否给key值附加表名,例如:user.id,与id * @param sql 查询语句 例如:"select u.id,u.name,u.sex,u.depart_id AS departId,d.* from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id" * @param values * @throws SQLException */ private List
调用list查询
public static void queryList(){ String sql = "select u.*,d.* from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id"; try { List> dataList = baseImp.queryForListAttachTableName(2,2,sql, null); // List > dataList = baseImp.queryForList(2,2,sql, null); for (Map map : dataList) { for (String key : map.keySet()) { System.out.print(key+"="+map.get(key)+" "); } System.out.println(); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
结果
/** * 查询结果以ArrayList返回 * @param 在结果集中是否给key值附加表名,例如:user.id,与id * @param sql 查询语句 例如:"select u.id,u.name,u.sex,u.depart_id AS departId,d.* from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id" * @param values * @throws SQLException */ private JSONArray queryJsonArray(int pageIndex,int pageSize,boolean attachTableName,String sql,Object... values) throws SQLException{ JSONArray jsonArray = null; Connection conn = null; PreparedStatement pStmt = null; //校验参数 if(pageIndex <= 0){ pageIndex = 1; } if(pageSize <= 0){ pageSize = Config.PAGE_SIZE_DEFAULT; } conn = this.getConnection(conn); pStmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //设置参数 if(pStmt != null && values != null && values.length > 0){ for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { pStmt.setObject(i+1, values[i]); } } //设置最大查询到第几条记录 pStmt.setMaxRows(pageIndex*pageSize); ResultSet rs = pStmt.executeQuery(); //游标移动到要输出的第一条记录 rs.relative((pageIndex-1)*pageSize); if(rs != null){ try { jsonArray = new JSONArray(); ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData(); //得到结果集(rs)的结构信息,比如字段数、字段名等 //遍历结果集 while(rs.next()){ JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); for (int i = 1; i <= md.getColumnCount(); i++) { jsonObject.put(attachTableName?(formatTableName(md.getTableName(i))+"."+md.getColumnLabel(i)):(md.getColumnLabel(i)), rs.getObject(i)+""); } jsonArray.add(jsonObject); } }finally{ if(rs != null){ rs.close(); } if(pStmt != null){ pStmt.close(); } if (conn != null) { this.closeConnection(conn); } } } return jsonArray; }
public static void queryJsonArray(){ // String sql = "select * from user u"; String sql = "select u.*,d.* from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id"; // String sql = "select u.id AS uid,u.name,u.sex,u.depart_id AS departId,d.name from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id"; // String sql = "select u.id,u.name,u.sex,u.depart_id AS departId,d.* from user u,depart d where u.depart_id=d.id"; try { JSONArray jsonArray = baseImp.queryForJsonArrayAttachTableName(2,2,sql, null); // JSONArray jsonArray = baseImp.queryForJsonArray(sql, null); System.out.println(jsonArray.toString()); for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.size(); i++) { JSONObject jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i); Iterator> iterator = jsonObject.keys(); Object key = null; while (iterator.hasNext()) { key = iterator.next(); System.out.print(key+" "+jsonObject.get(key)+" "); } System.out.println(); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
结果
[{"user.id":"4","user.name":"王五","user.sex":"0","user.depart_id":"3","depart.id":"3","depart.name":"研发部","depart.desc":"这是研发部"},{"user.id":"5","user.name":"赵六","user.sex":"1","user.depart_id":"1","depart.id":"1","depart.name":"测试部","depart.desc":"这是测试部"}] user.id 4 user.name 王五 user.sex 0 user.depart_id 3 depart.id 3 depart.name 研发部 depart.desc 这是研发部 user.id 5 user.name 赵六 user.sex 1 user.depart_id 1 depart.id 1 depart.name 测试部 depart.desc 这是测试部
/** * 查询记录条数 * @param sql 例如:"select count(*) from user where xxx" * @param values * @throws SQLException */ public int queryCount(String sql,Object... values) throws SQLException{ int count = -1; Connection conn = null; PreparedStatement pStmt = null; conn = this.getConnection(conn); pStmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); //设置参数 if(pStmt != null && values != null && values.length > 0){ for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { pStmt.setObject(i+1, values[i]); } } ResultSet rs = pStmt.executeQuery(); if(rs != null){ try { while(rs.next()){ count = rs.getInt(1); } }finally{ if(rs != null){ rs.close(); } if(pStmt != null){ pStmt.close(); } if (conn != null) { this.closeConnection(conn); } } } return count; }
调用查询总记录条数
public static void queryCount(){ String sql = "select count(*) from user u"; try { System.out.println("count="+baseImp.queryCount(sql, null)); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
结果
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