GoldenGate安装以及补丁安装

    本文描述OGG的基本安装操作以及OGG补丁安装。

1. GoldenGate安装

1.1. GoldenGate版本下载

新版本通过ORACLE官方网站可以直接进行下载Oracle GoldenGate Downloads：

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https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/goldengate/downloads/index.html。

但历史版本需要通过Delivery网站进行下载：https://edelivery.oracle.com/。

1.2. GoldenGate安装

新版本的GoldenGate支持通过图形界面进行初始化安装。相比以前的操作会复杂一些，GoldenGate 11可以通过直接解压的方式进行安装。

1.2.1. 图形界面安装

解压软件包后，通过runInstaller命令启动安装图形界面。

[oracle@oradb1 Disk1]$ ./runInstaller

以安装OGG 12.3为例，12.3支持ORACLE 11G和12C，因此安装过程中会进行数据库版本的选择。

1.2.2. 解压安装

GoldenGate 11可以通过直接解压的方式进行安装。

[root@gxoradb1 oracle]#cd /oracle

[root@gxoradb1 oracle]# mkdir GoldenGate

[root@gxoradb1 oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall ./GoldenGate/

[root@gxoradb1 oracle]# su - oracle

[oracle@gxoradb1 ~]$ ls

Oracle_GoldenGate_Monitor_Linux_x64_11.1.1.1.0.zip  ogg112101_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.zip  oradiag_oracle

[oracle@gxoradb1 ~]$ unzip ogg112101_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.zip -d /oracle/GoldenGate/

Archive:  ogg112101_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.zip

  inflating: /oracle/GoldenGate/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.tar  

  inflating: /oracle/GoldenGate/OGG_WinUnix_Rel_Notes_11.2.1.0.1.pdf  

  inflating: /oracle/GoldenGate/Oracle GoldenGate 11.2.1.0.1 README.txt  

  inflating: /oracle/GoldenGate/Oracle GoldenGate 11.2.1.0.1 README.doc  

[oracle@gxoradb1 ~]$ cd /oracle/GoldenGate/

[oracle@gxoradb1 GoldenGate]$ ls -lrt

total 223764

-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 228556800 Apr 23  2012 fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.tar

-rwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall    220546 May  2  2012 OGG_WinUnix_Rel_Notes_11.2.1.0.1.pdf

-rwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall     93696 May  2  2012 Oracle GoldenGate 11.2.1.0.1 README.doc

-rwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall     24390 May  2  2012 Oracle GoldenGate 11.2.1.0.1 README.txt

[oracle@gxoradb1 GoldenGate]$ tar -xvf fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_ora11g_64bit.tar

[oracle@gxoradb1 GoldenGate]$ ll gg*

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  1257280 Apr 23  2012 ggMessage.dat

-rwxr-x--- 1 oracle oinstall  6393899 Apr 23  2012 ggcmd

-rwxr-x--- 1 oracle oinstall 13398159 Apr 23  2012 ggsci

1.3. 配置环境变量

GoldenGate在Linux和Unix下安装后，需要ORACLE安装环境下的库文件才能启动，因此必须$ORACLE_HOME/lib目录配置到LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量中：

export ORACLE_SID=ora11g

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/database/12c

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;

export GG_HOME=/oradata/ogg12c/ogg123

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$GG_HOME:$PATH:$HOME/bin

alias gg='cd $GG_HOME; ./ggsci'

1.4. 检查GoldenGate环境

GoldenGate 启动前，需要对ggsci应用的库文件进行检查，如果有无法找到的库文件，会导致ggsci启动失败。

[oracle@oradb1 ~]$ cd /oradata/ogg12c/ogg123

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ldd ./ggsci | grep 'not found' -> 确保所有库文件都可以找到

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ ./ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 12.3.0.1.4 OGGCORE_12.3.0.1.0_PLATFORMS_180415.0359_FBO

Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 12c on Apr 16 2018 00:53:30

Operating system character set identified as UTF-8.

Copyright (C) 1995, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (oradb1) 1>

1.5. GoldenGate补丁安装

1.5.1. 升级OPatch

OPatch是ORACLE用来进行补丁安装的程序，补丁安装前，建议阅读补丁包中的说明文件，升级OPatch到官方指定的版本。

下面是MOS中OPatch的说明文档，OPatch的下载和使用可以参考该文档。

OPatch - Where Can I Find the Latest Version of OPatch(6880880)? [Video] (文档ID 224346.1)

OPatch的替换比较简单，将p6880880_<版本>_<操作系统平台>.zip压缩包解压后，使用操作系统命令进行软件替换即可。非ORACLE用户替换OPatch目录后，需要进行权限修改。OPatch软件的版本编号(6880880)是固定的，可以在MOS上直接进行该补丁的下载。

解压最新的OPatch软件：

[oracle@oradb1 ~]$ cd /oradata/ogg12c/software/

[oracle@oradb1 software]$ unzip p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip

备份旧的OPatch软件：

[oracle@oradb1 ~]$ cd $OGG_HOME

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ mv OPatch/ ./OPatch.20190425

替换新的OPatch软件，并修改软件权限：

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ mv /oradata/ogg12c/software/OPatch/ ./

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ chown -R oracle:oinstall ./OPatch

替换完成后，检查新的OPatch软件的版本。

[oracle@oradb1 OPatch]$ ./opatch version

OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17

1.5.2. 获取补丁

通过MOS的补丁查找功能，可以获取当前软件的最新补丁信息。 

需要注意OGG补丁是针对不同数据库的版本。下载时需要注意版本信息。

1.5.3. 安装补丁29636573

补丁程序29636573: Patch for MLR 29600067: Linux x86-64: Oracle 12c: OGG 12.3.0.1.4

查看补丁安装自述文件：

(1) Prerequisites

--------------------

Before you install or deinstall the patch, ensure that you meet the following requirements:

1. Ensure that the Oracle GoldenGate on which you are installing the patch or from which you are rolling back the patch is Oracle GoldenGate V12.3.0.1.4 for Oracle.

2.  Oracle recommends you to use the latest version of OPatch.

3. Ensure that you set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to the Oracle GoldenGate home.

4. Ensure that you set the PATH environment variable to include the location of the unzip executable, and the /bin and the /OPatch directories present in the Oracle GoldenGate home.

5. Ensure that you verify the Oracle Inventory because OPatch accesses it to install the patches. To verify the inventory, run the following command. If the command displays some errors, then contact Oracle Support and resolve the issue.

        $ opatch lsinventory

6. Ensure that you shut down all the services running from the Oracle GoldenGate home.

7.  Install the latest opatch version (i.e.,12.2.0.1.13).

8.  Change file permissions for $ORACLE_HOME/crypto and $ORACLE_HOME/directc to be writable (patch will fail to install if this is not done prior to applying the opatch).  

(2) Installation

-----------------

To install the patch, follow these steps:

1. Maintain a location for storing the contents of the patch ZIP file. In the rest of the document, this location (absolute path) is referred to as .

2. Extract the contents of the patch ZIP file to the location you created in Step (1). To do so, run the following command:

$ p__.zip

3. Navigate to the / directory:

$ cd /

4. Install the patch by running the following command:

$ opatch apply

1. 检查当前GoldenGate版本为V12.3.0.1.4

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$./ggsci 

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 12.3.0.1.4 OGGCORE_12.3.0.1.0_PLATFORMS_180415.0359_FBO

2. 安装OPatch 12.2.0.1.13

[oracle@oradb1 ~]$ cd $OGG_HOME/OPatch

[oracle@oradb1 OPatch]$ ./opatch version

OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.17

3. 设置ORACLE_HOME环境变量到Oracle GoldenGate安装目录下

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ export ORACLE_HOME=$OGG_HOME

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH

4. 确认Oracle GoldenGate目录下没有运行的进程

[oracle@oradb1 ogg12c]$ fuser ./ogg123/

5. 检查$ORACLE_HOME/crypto和$ORACLE_HOME/directc文件权限为可写

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ ls -ld crypto

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 24 18:46 crypto

6. 执行补丁安装

[oracle@oradb1 ~]$ cd /oradata/ogg12c/software/

[oracle@oradb1 software]$ unzip p29636573_123014_Linux-x86-64.zip

[oracle@oradb1 software]$ cd 29636573/

[oracle@oradb1 29636573]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply  

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

OPatch continues with these patches:   29636573  

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]

y

User Responded with: Y

All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.

(Oracle Home = '/oradata/ogg12c/ogg123')

Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]

y

Backing up files...

Applying interim patch '29636573' to OH '/oradata/ogg12c/ogg123'

Patching component oracle.oggcore.ora12c, 12.3.0.1.2...

Patch 29636573 successfully applied.

OPatch succeeded.

1.5.4. 查看当前版本信息

[oracle@oradb1 29636573]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinv

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Machine Information::

Hostname: oradb1

ARU platform id: 226

ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle GoldenGate Core                                               12.3.0.1.2

There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (1) :

Patch  29636573     : applied on Wed Apr 24 22:57:55 CST 2019

Unique Patch ID:  22876441

   Created on 12 Apr 2019, 00:30:40 hrs PST8PDT

   Bugs fixed:

     24411701, 29135238

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

[oracle@oradb1 ogg123]$ ./ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle

Version 12.3.0.1.4 29600067_FBO

1.5.5. 参考文档

How to Apply Patches for GoldenGate (文档ID 2188592.1)

How To Upgrade GoldenGate 12c OPatch To Latest Release? (文档ID 2053712.1)

Master Note for Oracle GoldenGate Core Product Patch Sets (文档ID 1645495.1)

Latest GoldenGate/Database (OGG/RDBMS) Patch recommendations (文档ID 2193391.1)

Oracle GoldenGate -- Oracle RDBMS Server Recommended Patches (文档ID 1557031.1)

Oracle GoldenGate 12.3.0.1.181228 Patch Set Availability (文档ID 2525524.1)