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SpringBoot添加Email发送功能及常见异常详解
1、完整的邮件发送代码
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1.1、依赖包
org.springframework spring-support 2.0.8 javax.servlet servlet-api javax.mail 1.4.7
主要用到了两个jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar.
1.2、邮件发送类
package com.autonavi.utils;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import com.autonavi.constants.Constant;
public class EmailUtils {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmailUtils.class);
public static boolean sendHtmlMail(String subject,String content,String receiver){
boolean result = true;
try{
JavaMailSenderImpl senderImpl = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
// 设定mail server
senderImpl.setHost("smtp.abcdefg.com");
senderImpl.setPort(345);
senderImpl.setUsername(Constant.email); // 根据自己的情况,设置发件邮箱地址
senderImpl.setPassword(Constant.email_password); // 根据自己的情况, 设置password
senderImpl.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 将这个参数设为true，让服务器进行认证,认证用户名和密码是否正确
prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
prop.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
senderImpl.setJavaMailProperties(prop);
// 建立邮件消息,发送简单邮件和html邮件的区别
MimeMessage mailMessage = senderImpl.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage);
// 设置收件人，寄件人
messageHelper.setTo(receiver);
messageHelper.setFrom(Constant.email);
messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
// true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件
messageHelper.setText(content,true);
// 发送邮件
senderImpl.send(mailMessage);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
result = false;
logger.info("EmailUtils.method [sendHtmlMail]: email send result-" + result +",error message-" + e);
}
return result;
}
}
以上设置中，有几个点需要注意：
第一点：
senderImpl.setUsername(Constant.email); senderImpl.setPassword(Constant.email_password);
上面两个方法是用来设置发件的邮箱，邮箱地址要写全，如aba@abc.com。
如果设置得不对，会提示权限错误。
第二点：
senderImpl.setDefaultEncoding(“UTF-8”);
这个一定记得设置，否则会邮件发出去会是下面这种结果。
第三点：
Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.put(“mail.smtp.auth”, “true”); prop.put(“mail.smtp.ssl.enable”, “true”); prop.put(“mail.smtp.socketFactory.class”, “javax.NET.ssl.SSLSocketFactory”); senderImpl.setJavaMailProperties(prop);
一定要记得配置Properties，且上述配置缺一不可，如果没配置，大家会看见各种奇怪的异常。
1.3、邮件正文处理，使用HTML模版
下面的getHtmlStr()方法用来将待发送的内容处理为HTML模版。
public static String getHtmlStr(JSONArray data,String receiver,int day){
JSONObject json = data.getJSONObject(0);
String title = json.getString("task_tittle");
// NO.1、获取收件人名
String receiverName = getEmailStr(receiver);
// NO.2、获取邮件表格
String emailTable = getTableStr(data);
// NO.3、获取邮件时间
String emailDate = Date2Str.getCurrentDate2();
String html = ""
+ "" +receiverName+" 您好,
"
+ " 生产日程-"+title+"中的下列任务将于"+day+"天后开始启动，请关注:
"
+ ""
+ ""
+ ""
+ "任务名 启动时间 结束时间 "
+ " "
+ emailTable
+ "
"
+ " 每项任务的详细情况,请登陆 "
+ "项目综合管理&评价系统 查看!
"
+ "项目综合管理&评价系统"+emailDate+"
"
+ "";
return html;
}
应用改模版后，发出的邮件显示效果如下：
至于具体业务场景，你想定义什么样的模版都行。
2、常见异常
503异常
2016-04-13-16-48 [scheduler-3] [org.springframework.scheduling.support.TaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler] [ERROR] - Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task. org.springframework.mail.MailSendException; nested exception details (1) are: Failed message 1: javax.mail.SendFailedException: Invalid Addresses; nested exception is: com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPAddressFailedException: 503 RCPT account isn't a local account at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.rcptTo(SMTPTransport.java:1862) at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:1118) at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:388) at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:332) at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:328) at com.autonavi.utils.EmailUtils.sendHtmlMail(EmailUtils.java:50) at com.autonavi.method.gaokuai.IssueForward.action(IssueForward.java:81) at com.autonavi.task.ScheduledTasks.executeAutoAssignTask(ScheduledTasks.java:121) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.springframework.scheduling.support.ScheduledMethodRunnable.run(ScheduledMethodRunnable.java:65) at org.springframework.scheduling.support.DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.run(DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.java:54) at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ReschedulingRunnable.run(ReschedulingRunnable.java:81) at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262) at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$201(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:178) at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:292) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) Caused by: com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPAddressFailedException: 503 RCPT account isn't a local account at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.rcptTo(SMTPTransport.java:1715) ... 21 more
如果运行过程中报上述异常，请再次核对收发邮件的邮箱账号是否有效。
3、总结
SpringBoot邮件发送主要是利用已封装好的两个jar包：mail-1.4.7.jar、spring-support-2.0.8.jar，使得配置邮件发送不再复杂。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持创新互联。
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