多线程（七、同步计数器-CountDownLatch）

CountDownLatch是一个线程的同步计数器，主要有2个使用场景。

1、作为一个开关，N个子线程准备就绪，等待主线程的放行，然后子线程一起开始执行。

Task

package com.jane;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class Task implements Runnable {
    private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
    private String name;

    public Task(CountDownLatch countDownLatch, String name) {
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            System.out.println(name + "开始等待开关......");
            countDownLatch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(name + "执行任务完成");
    }
}

主线程

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //主线程创建，和子线程共享
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        System.out.println("主线程启动......");

        //创建3个子线程
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Task(countDownLatch, "线程-1"));
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Task(countDownLatch, "线程-2"));
        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Task(countDownLatch, "线程-3"));

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();

        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println("主线程执行任务完毕，放行......");
        countDownLatch.countDown();
        System.out.println("主线程执行完毕");

    }
}

执行结果

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2、主线程等待N个子线程的处理结果，子线程都完成后，主线程继续执行。

Task

package com.jane;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class Task1 implements Runnable {
    private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
    private String name;

    public Task1(CountDownLatch countDownLatch, String name) {
        this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            System.out.println(name + "开始开始执行任务......");
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            System.out.println(name + "执行任务完成");
            countDownLatch.countDown();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

主线程

package com.jane;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class Main1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //主线程创建，和子线程共享
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(3);

        System.out.println("主线程启动......");

        //创建3个子线程
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Task1(countDownLatch, "线程-1"));
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Task1(countDownLatch, "线程-2"));
        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Task1(countDownLatch, "线程-3"));

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();

        System.out.println("主线程等待子线程执行结果......");
        countDownLatch.await();
        System.out.println("主线程执行完毕");

    }
}

执行结果

注意：CountDownLatch的计数只能使用一次，不会自动重新开始。