通过amoeba工具实现配置mysql读写分离的方法介绍

下面讲讲关于通过amoeba工具实现配置MySQL读写分离的方法，文字的奥妙在于贴近主题相关。所以，闲话就不谈了，我们直接看下文吧，相信看完通过amoeba工具实现配置mysql读写分离的方法这篇文章你一定会有所受益。

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一，背景介绍：

Amoeba(变形虫)项目，专注 分布式数据库 proxy 开发。座落与Client、DB Server(s)之间。对客户端透明。具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的query到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库合并结果。要想搭建Amoeba读写分离，首先需要知道MySQL的主从配置。具体的架构图如下图：

二，配置所需的环境：

 Amoeba for mysql:192.168.1.28

 Master : 192.168.1.247

 Slave : 192.168.1.245

 database:yazi passwd:root/123456

 JDK1.8.0_51

三，具体的搭建和配置步骤如下：

 1，配置mysql主从复制，具体参照上篇的mysql主从复制的配置

 2，安装配置jdk1.8.0_51以及环境变量

   （1），安装jdk命令: rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm

[root@localhost install]# ll
total 481168
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   8850470 Nov  2 22:43 apache-tomcat-7.0.63.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 137808216 Jan 13 15:09 jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  33203321 Nov 20 11:31 mysql-5.6.25.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 312845162 Nov 13 15:19 mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost install]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u51-linux-x64.rpm 
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:jdk1.8.0_51            ########################################### [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
        rt.jar...
        jsse.jar...
        charsets.jar...
        tools.jar...
        localedata.jar...
        jfxrt.jar...
        plugin.jar...
        javaws.jar...
        deploy.jar...

   （2)配置环境变量：

[root@localhost install]# vi /etc/profile

# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`id -u`
        UID=`id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /sbin
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
    pathmunge /sbin after
fi
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
    fi
done
unset i
unset -f pathmunge

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_51
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_51/jre
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

    （3)配置生效和验证：

[root@FileServerA logs]# source /etc/profile
[root@FileServerA logs]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_51"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_51-b16)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.51-b03, mixed mode)

 3，安装配置amoeba

   （1）下载amoeba

(http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/amoeba/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/3.x/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip)

   (2)压缩包无需安装，直接解压即可

[root@localhost install]# unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip 
Archive:  amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/amoeba-core-3.0.5-RC.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/log4j-1.2.12.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-collections-3.2.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/ognl-3.0.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-pool-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-pool-1.6.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-bean-1.3.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-util-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/dom4j-1.6.1.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/xml-apis-1.0.b2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/oro-2.0.8.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-net-io-2.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-common-runtime-1.3.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-core-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-asm-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-context-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-aop-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-beans-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/spring-expression-3.0.6.RELEASE.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/plexus-classworlds-2.4.2-HEXNOVA.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/toolkit-net-benchmark-1.2.0.jar  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/lib/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC.jar  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/mkdirhier  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/shutdown  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark.bat  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher.bat  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/benchmark.classpath  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher.classpath  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/amoeba.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/amoeba.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/dbserver.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/dbServers.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/function.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/functionMap.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/rule.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/rule.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml  
   creating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/context.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/objectMap.dtd  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/benchmark/query.xml  
  inflating: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/jvm.properties  
  
[root@localhost install]# mv amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC /usr/local/

  （3）amoeba的配置文件详解：

amoeba.xml：定义前端的控制文件，包括前端的端口，用户名和密码

dbServers.xml：定义后端节点的配置文件。设置数据库，登录mysql的账号和密码

    a,配置amoeba.xml文件

[root@FileServerA conf]# vim amoeba.xml


                
                
                        
                        8066             //***端口号***//

                        
                        

                        
                                
                                        128
                                        64
                                
                        

                        
                                

                                        root

                                        123456
"amoeba.xml" 91L, 3099C                                                                                      30,6-41        8%





        

                
                
                        
                        8066  //设置其他的端口

                        
                        

                        
                                
                                        128
                                        64
                                
                        

                        
                                

                                        lqb            //***远程访问代理的用户名和密码***//

                                        123456          //***用户名和密码***//

                                        
                                                
                                                        ${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf
                                                
                                        
                                
                        

                

                

                        
                        128

                        
                        500

                        
                        utf8

                        
                        60
                

        

        
        
                
                        com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager
                
        

                
        
                ${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml
        

        
                
                        
                                ${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml
                                ${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml
                        
                
                ${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml
                1500
                master


                master         //***写的资源池***//
                viplqb          //***写的资源池***//

                true
        

      b,配置dbServers.xml文件

[root@FileServerA conf]# vim  dbServers.xml



                
        
                
                        ${defaultManager}
                        64
                        128
                        
                        3306     //***设置mysql访问端口号***//          
                        
                        yazi  //***设置mysql访问默认库***//
                        
                        root    //***登录mysql账号和密码***//
                        123456
                
                
                        500
                        500
                        1
                        600000
                        600000
                        true
                        true
                        true
                
        
                  //***设置master和ip地址***//
                
                        
                        192.168.1.247
                
        
                 //***设置slave1和ip地址***//
                                     //***如果有多个slave主机复制本配置到下边继续添加ip地址***//
                        
                        192.168.1.245
                
        
        
                
                        
                        1   //***采用轮询方式***//
                        
                        slave1  //***所有从库的主机都要写上***//
                
        

  （4）启动amoeba并查看是否有报错。

[root@FileServerA conf]# /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/bin/launcher &
[1] 34774
[root@FileServerA conf]# log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 13:46:11,874 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2016-07-04 13:47:53 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=32445 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml
2016-07-04 13:47:53,604 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 13:47:53,789 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
 2016-07-04 14:22:55 [INFO] ignore signal:HUP
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2016-07-04 17:31:08 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=34779 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/log4j.xml
2016-07-04 17:31:08,868 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC/conf/access_list.conf
2016-07-04 17:31:09,128 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.

    (5)用其他的云服务器来进行登录：

[root@mysqlmaster ~]# mysql -ulqb -p -h292.168.1.28 -P8066    
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 965356058
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| yazi               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>

备注：当配置这个文件时amoeba.xml ，其他的主机通过代理就可以访问，如上说明amoeba.xml配置的没有问题。

    （6）验证读写分离，这个需要配置dbServers.xml这个文件了，接下来即为验证读写分离。

（a)在没停掉同步之前在主库247上创建一张表；

mysql> use yazi;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| sxit           |
| test           |
+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table lqb (id int(10) ,name varchar(10),address varchar(20));     
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

(b)在从库245上查看，并在slave上停止同步：

mysql> use yazi;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_yazi |
+----------------+
| lqb            |
| sxit           |
| test           |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave
    -> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（c)在主从上各插入一条不同的数据

在主库上插入（1，'zhangsan','master');

在从库上插入（2，’lisi','slave);

在主库上执行以下操作：

mysql> insert into lqb values(1,'zhangsan','master');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    1 | zhangsan | master  |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在从库上执行以下操作：

mysql> insert into lqb values(2,'zhangsan','slave'); 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 （d)登录amoeba云服务器查看读操作：显示的是245slave云服务器

mysql> select * from lqb;

+------+----------+---------+

| id   | name     | address |

+------+----------+---------+

|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |

+------+----------+---------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

（e）在amoeba云服务器上测试以下写操作，查看还是245从库上的数据。

mysql> insert into lqb values(3,'wanger','test_write');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在主库247上查询，可以看到已插入进来了

mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+------------+
| id   | name     | address    |
+------+----------+------------+
|    1 | zhangsan | master     |
|    3 | wanger   | test_write |
+------+----------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在从库上245查询，还是刚才查询

mysql> select * from lqb;
+------+----------+---------+
| id   | name     | address |
+------+----------+---------+
|    2 | zhangsan | slave   |
+------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

至此，数据库读写分离已经配置完成，在正式生产环境中，需将读写主机的定义更改，因为数据库用的最多的还是读的操作。我们可以将读或查询交给从来处理，同样的，我们也可以添加多个从主机。让其自动从不同的从主机上读取数据库。

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