mysql多实例安装

多实例安装，同时开启多个不同的服务器端口3306 3307

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大公司安装数据库一般编译安装，并且会在优化之后做成rpm包，以便统一使用

安装好MySQL，如果以前的单实例mysql有开启执行

pkill mysqld

rm -f /etc/init.d/mysqld 

然后做多实例安装，这里mysql安装目录/application/mysql

mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data

tree /data/

ll /application/mysql/support-files/  #mysql默认为用户提供的多个配置文件模板my*.conf 

vim /data/3306/my.cnf    

[client]

port            = 3306

socket          = /data/3306/mysql.sock

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

user    = mysql

port    = 3306

socket  = /data/3306/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3306/data

open_files_limit    = 1024

back_log = 600

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 3000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet =8M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 100

thread_concurrency = 2

query_cache_size = 2M

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k

#default_table_type = InnoDB

thread_stack = 192K

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

tmp_table_size = 2M

max_heap_table_size = 2M

long_query_time = 1

pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid

relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin

relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_binlog_size = 2M

key_buffer_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M

lower_case_table_names = 1

skip-name-resolve

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M

innodb_log_file_size = 4M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 2M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/3306/mysql_3306.err

pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid

修改目录，改成你的mysql安装目录

sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3306/my.cnf 

vim /data /3307/my.cnf

[client]

port            = 3307

socket          = /data/3307/mysql.sock

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

user    = mysql

port    = 3307

socket  = /data/3307/mysql.sock

basedir = /application/mysql

datadir = /data/3307/data

open_files_limit    = 1024

back_log = 600

max_connections = 800

max_connect_errors = 3000

table_cache = 614

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet =8M

sort_buffer_size = 1M

join_buffer_size = 1M

thread_cache_size = 100

thread_concurrency = 2                                   

query_cache_size = 2M                                    

query_cache_limit = 1M                                   

query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k                            

#default_table_type = InnoDB                              

thread_stack = 192K                                      

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED                   

tmp_table_size = 2M                                      

max_heap_table_size = 2M                                 

long_query_time = 1                                      

pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid                          

relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin                         

relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info          

binlog_cache_size = 1M                                   

max_binlog_cache_size = 1M                               

max_binlog_size = 2M                                     

key_buffer_size = 16M                                    

read_buffer_size = 1M                                    

read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M                                

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M                             

lower_case_table_names = 1                               

skip-name-resolve                                        

slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062                            

replicate-ignore-db=mysql                                

server-id = 3

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M                     

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M                            

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend          

innodb_file_io_threads = 4                               

innodb_thread_concurrency = 8                            

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2                       

innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M                              

innodb_log_file_size = 4M                                

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3                            

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90                          

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120                           

innodb_file_per_table = 0                                

[mysqldump]                                              

quick                                                    

max_allowed_packet = 2M                                  

[mysqld_safe]                                            

log-error=/data/3307/mysql_3307.err                      

pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid  

修改目录，改成你的mysql安装目录

sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3307/my.cnf 

编辑mysql启动脚本 

vim /data/3306/mysql

#!/bin/sh

##############################################

#this scripts is created by jie at 2017-06-20

#init

port=3306

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd="qwe123"  #<==这里和数据库密码一致

CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

#startup function

function_start_mysql()

 {

     if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

       printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

          /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 >/dev/null &

     else

       printf "MySQL is running...\n"

       exit

     fi

 }

 #stop function

 function_stop_mysql()

 {

     if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

       printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

       exit

     else

       printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

       ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown

     fi

 }

 #restart function

 function_restart_mysql()

 {

     printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

     function_stop_mysql

     sleep 2

     function_start_mysql

 }

 case $1 in

 start)

     function_start_mysql

 ;;

 stop)

     function_stop_mysql

 ;;

 restart)

     function_restart_mysql

 ;;

 *)

      printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"

 esac

修改目录sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3306/mysql

vim /data/3307/mysql

#!/bin/sh

##############################################

#this scripts is created by jie at 2017-06-20

#init

port=3307

mysql_user="root"

mysql_pwd="qwe123"  #<==这里和数据库密码一致

CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"

mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"

#startup function

function_start_mysql()

 {

     if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

       printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

          /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 >/dev/null &

     else

       printf "MySQL is running...\n"

       exit

     fi

 }

 #stop function

 function_stop_mysql()

 {

     if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then

       printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"

       exit

     else

       printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

       ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown

     fi

 }

 #restart function

 function_restart_mysql()

 {

     printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

     function_stop_mysql

     sleep 2

     function_start_mysql

 }

 case $1 in

 start)

     function_start_mysql

 ;;

 stop)

     function_stop_mysql

 ;;

 restart)

     function_restart_mysql

 ;;

 *)

      printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n"

 esac

修改目录sed -i "s#/application/mysql#/usr/local/mysql#g" /data/3307/mysql

[root@*** data]# tree /data/

/data/

├── 3306

│   ├── data

│   ├── my.cnf

│   └── mysql

└── 3307

    ├── data

    ├── my.cnf

    └── mysql

多实例启动文件中，启动mysql不同实例服务，所执行的命令实质是有区别的

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

停止mysql不同实例服务的实质命令

mysqladmin -u root -pqwe123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown

mysqladmin -u root -pqwe123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown

授权chown -R mysql.mysql /data

find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l

find /data -name mysql|xargs chmod 700

find /data -name mysql -exec ls -l {} \;根上面那个效果一样

ls /application/mysql/bin/mysql

echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile   #把mysql安装目录bin定义到环境变量

[root@web1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile

export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

[root@web1 ~]# echo $PATH

/application/mysql/bin:/application/mysql/bin:/application/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

也可以不设置环境变量，设置软连接

ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/

cd /application/mysql/scripts

初始化数据库

./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql

./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql

看到如下显示成功

Installing MySQL system tables...

170620 12:43:43 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-log) starting as process 29870 ...

OK

Filling help tables...

170620 12:43:43 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48-log) starting as process 29877 ...

OK

查看目录tree /data

启动多实例数据库

/data/3306/mysql start

/data/3307/mysql start

echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local #加入开机启动

echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >>/etc/rc.local

mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock  #登入数据库无密码

mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

直接root身份进来

设置密码

mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password 'qwe123'

mysql -uroot -pqwe123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password 'qwe123'

mysql -uroot -pqwe123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock

小贴士：因为mysql有密码，被其他用户看到会很不安全，所以把权限改为700，属组root

find /data -type f -name "mysql" -exec chmod 700 {} \;

find /data -type f -name "mysql" -exec chown root.root {} \;

禁止使用pkill、kill -9、killall -9等命令强制杀死数据库，这会引起无法启动故障。